The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre which shook the British rule in India was reported in the British Press after eight months when the Hunter Committee of Inquiry formed to inquire into the matter gave its report. The Indian Press also took little note of the incident and buried it in the inside pages of the newspaper. Why, do you think, that such a gruesome massacre remained the most underplayed news stories of its time?

The headquarters of the Home Rule League formed by Annie Besant was located at

1. Adyar near Madras
2. Panki near Kanpur
3. Jehanabad
4. Bhagalpur

Read the excerpt given below and answer the questions that follow:

Being conscientiously of opinion that the Bills known as the Indian Criminal Law (Amendment) Bill No. I of 1919 and the Criminal Law (Emergency Powers) Bill No. II of 1919 are unjust, subversive of the principles of liberty and justice, and destructive of the elementary right of individuals on which the safety of the community, as a whole, and the State itself is based, we solemnly affirm that in the event of these Bills becoming law and until they are withdrawn, we shall refuse civility to obey these laws and such other laws as a Committee to be hereafter appointed may think fit, and we further affirm that in this struggle we will faithfully follow truth and refrain from violence to life, person or property.

—The Bombay Chronicle, March 4, 1920

(a) What name was given to the two Indian Criminal Law Bills mentioned in the excerpt above? Why have they been described as unjust?

(b) Which movement was started in 1920 after these bills were passed in the Central Legislature? State any two objectives of this movement.

'The Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress in 1929 was a significant milestone in the Indian independence movement.'

Concerning the above statement, explain what made the Lahore session a momentous event in India's struggle for independence.