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Chemistry

State the conditions required for the following reactions

(a) Conversion of potassium nitrate to potassium bisulphate.

(b) Conversion of nitrogen and hydrogen to ammonia.

(c) Conversion of ammonia to nitric oxide.

Ammonia

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Answer

(a) Conditions required for the conversion of potassium nitrate to potassium bisulphate are:

  1. Temperature of the reaction should not exceed 200°C.
  2. All glass apparatus should be used.
  3. Reaction:
    KNO3 + H2SO4 <200°C\xrightarrow{\lt 200 \degree\text{C}} KHSO4 + HNO3

(b) Conditions required for the conversion of nitrogen and hydrogen to ammonia are:

  1. Temperature should be between 450-500°C.
  2. Pressure should be above 200 atm.
  3. Catalyst used is finely divided iron.
  4. Promoter used is traces of molybdenum or Al2O3.
  5. Reaction:
    N2 + 3H2 450500°C, above 200 atmFe and Mo\xrightleftharpoons[450-500\text{°C},\text { above }200 \text{ atm}]{\text{Fe and Mo}} 2NH3 + Δ

(c) Conditions required for the conversion of ammonia to nitric oxide are:

  1. Temperature should be around 800°C.
  2. Catalyst used is Platinum.
  3. Reaction:
    4NH3 + 5O2 800°CPt.\xrightarrow[800 \degree \text{C}]{\text{Pt}.} 4NO↑ + 6H2O + Δ
    2NO + O2 ⟶ 2NO2 (brown gas)

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