History & Civics
Study the given picture and answer the following questions.
- Which part of the Harappan city do you think the picture depicts? Give a reason for your answer.
- What was used to make the buildings in the picture?
- With the help of the picture, explain why Harappan cities were very well-planned.
Harappan Civilisation
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Answer
The given picture depicts the Great Bath at Mohenjodaro. It is a large rectangular structure resembling a swimming pool with galleries and dressing rooms at the side. It is located west of the river Indus in the Larkhana district of Sind.
Baked bricks were used to make the buildings in the picture.
The Harappan cities were very well-planned due to the following reasons:
- Grid-pattern Layout — As seen in the picture, the main roads ran parallel to each other. Smaller streets intersected the main roads at right angles. The entire city was divided into rectangular blocks or grids. The corners of the roads were rounded off for easy movement of carts. This shows advanced knowledge of urban planning and civil engineering.
- Well-planned Drainage System — Every house was connected to the main drainage line. Drains were covered and cleaned regularly. This shows a high level of civic sense and concern for hygiene.
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Related Questions
With reference to the Harappan Civilisation, answer the following questions:
- Why is the Harappan Civilisation known by two different names?
- Which features of Harappan town-planning impress you the most? Give reasons.
- Write a note on the Harappan script.
Between c. 3200 BCE and 500 BCE, Mesopotamia saw the rise of many powerful kingdoms and empires and the growth of important cities. In this context, answer the following questions:
- What does the word 'Mesopotamia' mean? How does it relate to the Fertile Crescent?
- Why is Mesopotamia also referred to as 'cradle of civilisation'?
- What do you know about the Mesopotamian burial habits?
- Why did the Mesopotamian Civilisation decline and eventually disappear?
Some historians argue that the Indo-Aryans originated from among a group of people in Central Asia, who spoke Indo-European languages. When the population of people who spoke Indo-European languages increased, a group of people were forced to, migrate from Central Asia. This group of people, which entered India came to be called the Indo-Aryans.
- Which region did the Indo-Aryans originate from?
- Which group of languages were spoken by the Indo-Aryans?
- Why did the Indo-Aryans migrate towards the Indian subcontinent?
- Do all historians agree with the point of view given in the paragraph?
State whether the following statements are true or false. Correct the false statements.
- The Buddha placed the jina higher in importance than God.
- Svetambaras were the followers of Jainism who wore no clothes.
- Buddhism split into two branches—Mahayana and Hinayana.