What is https? How does it work?

HTTPS stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure. It's a protocol that secures communication between two systems, like a browser and a web server, by encrypting data during transmission. When a user accesses a website using HTTPS, a secure connection is established, verifying the server's identity with digital certificates. This encryption and authentication ensure data privacy and integrity, crucial for protecting sensitive information such as passwords and financial data from interception or tampering by malicious entities on the Internet.