Let the number to be added be x.
So, the new numbers 15 + x, 17 + x, 34 + x, 38 + x are proportional.
∴17+x15+x=38+x34+x⇒(15+x)(38+x)=(34+x)(17+x)⇒(570+15x+38x+x2)=(578+34x+17x+x2)⇒x2+53x−x2−51x=578−570⇒2x=8⇒x=4.
Hence, the number that must be added to each number is 4.