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Chemistry

You are provided with two reagent bottles marked A and B. One contains NH4OH solution and the other contains NaOH solution. How will you identify them by a chemical test?

Analytical Chemistry

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Answer

Reagent bottles A and B can identified by using Ca(NO3)2.
When NaOH solution is added to Ca(NO3)2 a white ppt is obtained.

Ca(NO3)2colourless+2NaOHcaustic soda - colourlessCa(OH)2white ppt+2NaNO3 colourless\underset{\text{colourless}}{{\text{Ca(NO}3)2}} + \underset{\text{caustic soda - colourless}}{2\text{NaOH}} \longrightarrow \underset{\text{white ppt}}{\text{Ca(OH)}2} ↓ + \underset{\text{ colourless}}{2\text{NaNO}3}

On the other hand, addition of NH4OH solution to Ca(NO3)2 gives no precipitate even when NH4OH solution is added in excess. Thus, Ca(NO3)2 can be used to distinguish between NH4OH and NaOH solution.

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